What Are the Hemodialysis Patients’ Style in Coping with Stress? A Directed Content Analysis

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

2 Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Tehran, Iran;

3 Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran;

4 Department of Epidemiology, School of health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

5 Department of Medical, School of Urology. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

6 Department of Medical, School of Psychology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

7 Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

Abstract

Background: Nowadays, the prevalence of chronic diseases, such as chronic renal failure, is rising. These patients need hemodialysis to continue their treatment, which is a stressful process. This research was conducted with the purpose of explaining coping styles in hemodialysis patients regarding stress factors based on the Lazarus and Folkman’s transactional model.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted as a content analysis. The data collection method was semi-structured interview with 22 patients from dialysis centers in Tehran. The data were collected from October to January 2017. Sampling was purposive and continued until data saturation. Data were analyzed using the directed content analysis method. The process of data analysis proposed by Hsieh and Shannon’s was followed.
Results: 106 codes and 24 sub subcategories were obtained through this research and classified into 8 sub-categories of transactional stress model including: problem  management, emotional regulation, social support, dispositional coping styles, positive reappraisal, revised goals, spiritual beliefs and positive events; and 3 categories of coping structures that included coping efforts, meaning-based coping and moderators.
Conclusion: Dialysis patients are making efforts to cope with their stress in order to reduce their stress; in some cases, these efforts lead to reduction in stress, and in some cases, due to using unsound coping style, they are ineffective or even harmful.Therefore, the necessity of planning and proper interventions is felt by health care providers to control stress in dialysis patients.
 

Keywords

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International Journal of Community Based Nursing & Midwifery
Volume 7, Issue 4 - Serial Number 28
October 2019
Pages 309-318

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