Iranian Older Adults’ Experiences of the Age-friendliness of Kashan City: A Qualitative Content Analysis Study

Authors

Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

10.30476/ijcbnm.2026.107383.2825

Abstract

Background: The global aging population has intensified the urgency to design age-friendly cities
that ensure equitable access to services and foster active participation among older adults. Despite
extensive research on age-friendly initiatives, there remains a notable gap in studies exploring older
adults’ experiences of such environments. This study aimed to explore older adults’ experiences of
age-friendliness of Kashan City.
Methods: This qualitative conventional content analysis was conducted from January to August 2024
in Kashan, Iran. Twenty in-depth semi-structured interviews with 18 older adults living in Kashan were
performed using a purposive sampling method. Data collection was continued up to data saturation.
Data collection and analysis were performed simultaneously, using MAXQDA version 2020. Interviews
were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman’s method, with trustworthiness ensured by Lincoln and
Guba’s criteria.
Results: The central theme “a city with forgotten older people” emerged, along with 18 subcategories
and 5 main categories: inadequate open and closed public spaces, transportation and safety concerns,
challenges in social participation, and difficulties with technology.
Conclusions: Kashan faces challenges in becoming an age-friendly city, as older adults are often
excluded from urban planning. A community-based approach emphasizing participation, social ties,
and local capacity can improve their quality of life. Beyond infrastructure, policy reforms, caregiver
training, and support networks are needed. It is suggested that further studies should explore vulnerable
seniors’ experiences and Iran’s diverse regional and cultural contexts.

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